Dynamics of Nature - Ball Bearings

This invention by Leonardo is an ancestor of the modern ball bearing, used to reduce friction. Wooden spheres are alternated with spindles with concave sides. The spheres are free to move in all directions and the spindles rotate on their own axis. Because the balls do not touch each other, wear on them is reduced.
This device was used by Leonardo in a design for a large revolving stage for a theatrical extravaganza at the Court of Milan, but the stage was never built.

Art WithOut Limits, Artwork Tour
  1. Sunrise Serenade (1989), Starr Kempf
  2. Space Needle (1978), Starr Kempf
  3. Metronome (1981), Star Kempf
  4. Opus Series (2003) and Oasis 64 (1995), Bill Burgess
  5. Untitled, Lace Series (2012), Betty Ross
  6. Lapping at the Peak (2017), Ball Nogues Studio
  7. phase shift, (wattling) (2023), Martha Russo
  8. Fool’s Gold (2021), Connor Dowdle